How to identify Cortinarius

To correctly identify Cortinarius (Cortinarius), check each of these features in order. Misidentification is the most common cause of mushroom poisoning, so cross-reference multiple sources.

Step-by-step identification

1. 1

   Cap

   Shape, color, surface texture, and diameter.

   The cap is usually convex or bell-shaped and can range in color from white to brown to reddish. It is often covered in a thin, web-like veil, which is called a cortina.

2. 2

   Gills

   Attachment to stem, color, and spacing.

   The gills are usually close together and can range in color from white to brown to reddish. They are often attached to the stem.

3. 3

   Stem

   Length, shape, surface, and any ring.

   The stem is often slender and may be covered in a thin, web-like veil. The stem can be cylindrical or slightly tapered and can range in color from white to brown to reddish.

4. 4

   Flesh

   Color, texture, and bruising reaction.

   The flesh of Cortinarius mushrooms is often white or pale yellow. It can be firm or brittle.

5. 5

   Fruiting body

   Overall growth pattern.

   The fruiting body is usually a medium-sized mushroom with a cap that is convex or bell-shaped. The gills are usually close together and can range in color from white to brown to reddish. The stem is often slender and may be covered in a thin, web-like veil.

6. 6

   Habitat

   Where it grows and on what substrate.

   Cortinarius mushrooms grow in a variety of habitats, including forests, meadows, and fields. They are often found in association with trees, such as pines, oaks, and birches.

Key Facts

Cap surfaces

Dry, Smooth, Sticky, Slimy, Viscid

Growth Form

Solitary, Clumps, Fairy rings

Spore Print

Rust, Brown, Purple

Body color

Brown, Red, White, Yellow, Purple, Orange

Odor

Musty, Earthy, Spicy

Flesh bruises

Can bruise, Can turn blue or green

Height

2-10 cm

Cap Diameter

2-10 cm

Fruit body characteristics

• Gill attachment: Adnate to adnexed
• Stem shape: Cylindrical
• Stem surface: Fibrous
• Ring: None
• Stem cross-section: Solid

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