How to identify Death Cap

To correctly identify Death Cap (Amanita phalloides), check each of these features in order. Misidentification is the most common cause of mushroom poisoning, so cross-reference multiple sources.

Step-by-step identification

1. 1

   Cap

   Shape, color, surface texture, and diameter.

   The cap of Amanita phalloides is typically 5–15 cm (2–6 in) across, initially rounded and convex, later flattening out. The color is often greenish, yellowish, or brownish, and it can be variable. The surface is smooth and may be slightly sticky when moist.

2. 2

   Gills

   Attachment to stem, color, and spacing.

   The gills are free, white, and crowded.

3. 3

   Stem

   Length, shape, surface, and any ring.

   The stem is 8–15 cm (3–6 in) long and 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) thick, white, and has a ring (annulus). The base of the stem is surrounded by a sac-like volva, which is a key identifying feature.

4. 4

   Flesh

   Color, texture, and bruising reaction.

   The flesh is white and does not change color when bruised.

5. 5

   Fruiting body

   Overall growth pattern.

   The fruiting body typically has a cap that is 5–15 cm (2–6 in) across, initially rounded and convex, later flattening out. The cap color is often greenish, yellowish, or brownish, and it can be variable. The surface is smooth and may be slightly sticky when moist.

6. 6

   Habitat

   Where it grows and on what substrate.

   Amanita phalloides is commonly found in deciduous woodlands, particularly under oak and beech trees. It is a mycorrhizal fungus, forming a symbiotic relationship with the roots of trees.

Key Facts

Cap surfaces

Smooth, slightly sticky when moist.

Growth Form

Solitary or scattered.

Spore Print

White.

Body color

Greenish, yellowish, or brownish.

Odor

Slightly sweet when young, unpleasant when mature.

Flesh bruises

Does not change color.

Height

8–15 cm (3–6 in).

Cap Diameter

5–15 cm (2–6 in).

Fruit body characteristics

• Gill attachment: Free.
• Stem shape: Cylindrical.
• Stem surface: Smooth.
• Ring: Present, membranous.
• Stem cross-section: Solid.

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