How to identify Agaricus

To correctly identify Agaricus (Agaricus), check each of these features in order. Misidentification is the most common cause of mushroom poisoning, so cross-reference multiple sources.

Step-by-step identification

1. 1

   Cap

   Shape, color, surface texture, and diameter.

   The cap varies in color from white to brown, often with scales or fibers. The shape can range from convex to flat, sometimes with a central bump (umbo).

2. 2

   Gills

   Attachment to stem, color, and spacing.

   The gills are free from the stem and start pink, turning chocolate brown to black as the spores mature.

3. 3

   Stem

   Length, shape, surface, and any ring.

   The stem is usually cylindrical and smooth, with a ring (annulus) that may be fragile or absent in some species.

4. 4

   Flesh

   Color, texture, and bruising reaction.

   The flesh is typically white, but may bruise or stain when cut, depending on the species.

5. 5

   Fruiting body

   Overall growth pattern.

   The fruiting body is generally medium to large in size, with a fleshy texture.

6. 6

   Habitat

   Where it grows and on what substrate.

   Agaricus species are found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, woodlands, and urban areas.

Key Facts

Cap surfaces

Smooth, scaly, or fibrillose

Growth Form

Solitary, scattered, or in groups

Spore Print

Chocolate brown

Body color

White to brown

Odor

Variable; some species have a pleasant almond or anise-like odor, while others have an unpleasant or chemical odor

Flesh bruises

May or may not bruise, depending on the species

Height

5-15 cm

Cap Diameter

5-20 cm

Fruit body characteristics

• Gill attachment: Free
• Stem shape: Cylindrical
• Stem surface: Smooth or slightly fibrillose
• Ring: Present, but may be fragile or absent in some species
• Stem cross-section: Solid

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