How to identify Matsutake

To correctly identify Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake), check each of these features in order. Misidentification is the most common cause of mushroom poisoning, so cross-reference multiple sources.

Step-by-step identification

1. 1

   Cap

   Shape, color, surface texture, and diameter.

   The cap is convex to flat, with a dry, fibrous surface. The color ranges from light brown to reddish-brown.

2. 2

   Gills

   Attachment to stem, color, and spacing.

   The gills are white to cream, crowded, and slightly decurrent.

3. 3

   Stem

   Length, shape, surface, and any ring.

   The stem is stout, white to light brown, and often has a ring or ring zone.

4. 4

   Flesh

   Color, texture, and bruising reaction.

   The flesh is firm and white.

5. 5

   Fruiting body

   Overall growth pattern.

   The fruiting body is typically medium to large in size.

6. 6

   Habitat

   Where it grows and on what substrate.

   Matsutake grows in association with specific trees, such as pine, oak, and hemlock.

Key Facts

Cap surfaces

Dry, fibrous

Growth Form

Solitary to scattered

Spore Print

White

Body color

Light brown to reddish-brown

Odor

Spicy-aromatic

Flesh bruises

Does not typically bruise

Height

5-20 cm

Cap Diameter

5-20 cm

Fruit body characteristics

• Gill attachment: Slightly decurrent
• Stem shape: Cylindrical
• Stem surface: Fibrous
• Ring: Present or forming a ring zone
• Stem cross-section: Solid

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