How to identify Fragile Russula

To correctly identify Fragile Russula (Russula fragilis), check each of these features in order. Misidentification is the most common cause of mushroom poisoning, so cross-reference multiple sources.

Step-by-step identification

1. 1

   Cap

   Shape, color, surface texture, and diameter.

   2-6 cm diameter, convex to flat or depressed, purple to reddish or sometimes greenish, with a cuticle that peels easily.

2. 2

   Gills

   Attachment to stem, color, and spacing.

   White, adnate or slightly decurrent, thin, and closely spaced.

3. 3

   Stem

   Length, shape, surface, and any ring.

   White, 2-5 cm long, often becoming fragile or hollow with age.

4. 4

   Flesh

   Color, texture, and bruising reaction.

   White, thin, brittle, with a very acrid taste.

5. 5

   Fruiting body

   Overall growth pattern.

   Small, fragile, often with a sticky, shiny cap that fades in color.

6. 6

   Habitat

   Where it grows and on what substrate.

   Mycorrhizal with deciduous and coniferous trees, commonly found in mossy woodland areas.

Key Facts

Cap surfaces

Viscid when moist, shiny, smooth.

Growth Form

Solitary or in small, scattered groups.

Spore Print

White to pale cream.

Body color

Highly variable; purple, reddish, or greenish tints.

Odor

Faintly fruity or cedar-like.

Flesh bruises

Does not bruise significantly.

Height

2-6 cm.

Cap Diameter

2-6 cm.

Fruit body characteristics

• Gill attachment: Adnate to sub-decurrent.
• Stem shape: Cylindrical, sometimes slightly swollen at base.
• Stem surface: Smooth, white, fragile.
• Ring: Absent.
• Stem cross-section: Solid initially, becoming hollow/stuffed with age.

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