How to identify Jack O'Lantern Mushroom

To correctly identify Jack O'Lantern Mushroom (Omphalotus olearius), check each of these features in order. Misidentification is the most common cause of mushroom poisoning, so cross-reference multiple sources.

Step-by-step identification

1. 1

   Cap

   Shape, color, surface texture, and diameter.

   The cap is convex to flattened, often with a central depression. The color is orange to brownish orange. The surface is smooth and dry.

2. 2

   Gills

   Attachment to stem, color, and spacing.

   The gills are decurrent (running down the stem), close together, and orange in color. They are bioluminescent when fresh.

3. 3

   Stem

   Length, shape, surface, and any ring.

   The stem is 5–15 cm (2.0–5.9 in) long and 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) thick. It is the same color as the cap or paler. The stem is often curved.

4. 4

   Flesh

   Color, texture, and bruising reaction.

   The flesh is thick and white to pale orange. It may stain brownish when cut.

5. 5

   Fruiting body

   Overall growth pattern.

   The fruiting body of Omphalotus olearius is typically 4–20 cm (1.6–7.9 in) in diameter. It is convex to flattened, often with a central depression. The color is orange to brownish orange.

6. 6

   Habitat

   Where it grows and on what substrate.

   Omphalotus olearius grows in woods, mainly on decaying stumps, at the base of trees, or on buried wood. It is found in Europe and North America.

Key Facts

Cap surfaces

Smooth

Growth Form

Clustered

Spore Print

White to pale yellow

Body color

Orange to brownish orange

Odor

Not distinctive

Flesh bruises

May stain brownish

Height

5–15 cm (2.0–5.9 in)

Cap Diameter

4–20 cm (1.6–7.9 in)

Fruit body characteristics

• Gill attachment: Decurrent
• Stem shape: Cylindrical
• Stem surface: Smooth
• Ring: Absent
• Stem cross-section: Solid

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