How to identify Scarlet Waxcap

To correctly identify Scarlet Waxcap (Hygrocybe coccinea), check each of these features in order. Misidentification is the most common cause of mushroom poisoning, so cross-reference multiple sources.

Step-by-step identification

1. 1

   Cap

   Shape, color, surface texture, and diameter.

   The cap is convex to flattened, often with a slight umbo (a central raised area). The color ranges from scarlet red to orange-red, and the surface is smooth and slightly sticky when moist. The cap margin is often translucent and may be slightly wavy.

2. 2

   Gills

   Attachment to stem, color, and spacing.

   The gills are adnate to slightly decurrent (running down the stem), widely spaced, and waxy in texture. They are typically the same color as the cap or slightly paler, with a smooth edge.

3. 3

   Stem

   Length, shape, surface, and any ring.

   The stem is cylindrical, slender, and typically the same color as the cap or slightly paler. It is smooth and may be slightly sticky when moist. The stem usually measures 3 to 7 cm in length and 0.3 to 0.8 cm in diameter.

4. 4

   Flesh

   Color, texture, and bruising reaction.

   The flesh is thin and waxy, with a color similar to the cap but often paler. It does not have a distinctive odor or taste.

5. 5

   Fruiting body

   Overall growth pattern.

   The fruiting body of Hygrocybe coccinea is typically small to medium-sized, with a cap diameter ranging from 2 to 5 cm. The overall appearance is brightly colored, making it relatively easy to spot in its habitat.

6. 6

   Habitat

   Where it grows and on what substrate.

   Hygrocybe coccinea is commonly found in grasslands, meadows, and woodlands. It often grows in association with mosses and is more prevalent in undisturbed habitats. It is a saprophytic fungus, meaning it obtains nutrients from decaying organic matter.

Key Facts

Cap surfaces

Smooth, slightly sticky when moist

Growth Form

Solitary or scattered

Spore Print

White

Body color

Scarlet red to orange-red

Odor

Not distinctive

Flesh bruises

Does not typically bruise

Height

3-7 cm

Cap Diameter

2-5 cm

Fruit body characteristics

• Gill attachment: Adnate to slightly decurrent
• Stem shape: Cylindrical
• Stem surface: Smooth, slightly sticky when moist
• Ring: Absent
• Stem cross-section: Solid

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