How to identify King Bolete

To correctly identify King Bolete (Boletus edulis), check each of these features in order. Misidentification is the most common cause of mushroom poisoning, so cross-reference multiple sources.

Step-by-step identification

1. 1

   Cap

   Shape, color, surface texture, and diameter.

   The cap is typically 8-30 cm in diameter, but can sometimes be larger. It is convex when young, flattening out with age. The color ranges from reddish-brown to dark brown, often with a slightly sticky or greasy texture when moist.

2. 2

   Gills

   Attachment to stem, color, and spacing.

   Instead of gills, Boletus edulis has pores on the underside of the cap. These pores are initially white, turning yellowish-green with age. They are easily separable from the cap.

3. 3

   Stem

   Length, shape, surface, and any ring.

   The stem is stout and bulbous, typically 8-25 cm long and 2-10 cm thick. It is usually lighter in color than the cap, ranging from white to light brown. The stem surface is often covered with a fine network of raised ridges or reticulations, particularly near the top.

4. 4

   Flesh

   Color, texture, and bruising reaction.

   The flesh is thick and white, with a pleasant, mild odor when young. It may become slightly softer with age. When cut, the flesh does not typically change color.

5. 5

   Fruiting body

   Overall growth pattern.

   The fruiting body is large and imposing, with a thick stem and a substantial cap.

6. 6

   Habitat

   Where it grows and on what substrate.

   Boletus edulis is found in both deciduous and coniferous forests, often in association with oak, beech, pine, and spruce trees. It fruits from summer to autumn.

Key Facts

Cap surfaces

Smooth, slightly sticky when moist

Growth Form

Solitary or in small groups

Spore Print

Olive-brown

Body color

Brown cap, white to light brown stem

Odor

Mild, nutty

Flesh bruises

Does not typically bruise

Height

8-25 cm

Cap Diameter

8-30 cm

Fruit body characteristics

• Gill attachment: Pores, not gills
• Stem shape: Bulbous
• Stem surface: Reticulated (net-like pattern)
• Ring: Absent
• Stem cross-section: Solid

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